See subula on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "subulae",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "subulae"
},
"expansion": "subula (plural subulae)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
55,
61
]
],
"ref": "1870, Berthold Seemann, Journal of Botany, British and Foreign, volume 8, page 392:",
"text": "Leaves very densely crowded, […] upper extended into a subula, toothed at apex, wings recurved in upper part.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fine sharp point."
],
"id": "en-subula-en-noun-T8iW06kf",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) A fine sharp point."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "subula"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "sulã"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan (Algherese)",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "sula"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "subela"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "chisel",
"word": "subbia"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "sovela"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "sulă"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "subilla"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "sùbia"
},
{
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"f"
],
"roman": "soúvla",
"sense": "spit",
"word": "σούβλα"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*syewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*syuh₁-dʰleh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *syuh₁-dʰleh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suo",
"3": "bula",
"alt1": "suō",
"gloss1": "to sew"
},
"expansion": "suō (“to sew”) + -bula",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*šidlo",
"3": "",
"4": "awl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *šidlo (“awl”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "шило"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian шило (šilo)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "šídlo"
},
"expansion": "Czech šídlo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ши́ло"
},
"expansion": "Russian ши́ло (šílo)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ῥαφίς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ῥαφίς (rhaphís)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *syuh₁-dʰleh₂, which consists of the root *syewh₁- (“sew”) and the suffix *-dʰlom (“tool suffix”). This becomes the Latin derivation suō (“to sew”) + -bula.\nCognate with Proto-Slavic *šidlo (“awl”) (whence Bulgarian шило (šilo), Czech šídlo, Russian ши́ло (šílo) and others), and with Proto-Germanic *siwjaną (“to sew”).\nCompare typologically Ancient Greek ῥαφίς (rhaphís) < ῥάπτω (rháptō).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sūbula",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sūbula<1>"
},
"expansion": "sūbula f (genitive sūbulae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sūbula<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -bula",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "la:Tools",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shoemaker's awl"
],
"id": "en-subula-la-noun-vMLrAri9",
"links": [
[
"awl",
"awl"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "insūbulum"
},
{
"word": "sūbulātus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"word": "subula"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "subulae",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "subulae"
},
"expansion": "subula (plural subulae)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms with quotations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Botany"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
55,
61
]
],
"ref": "1870, Berthold Seemann, Journal of Botany, British and Foreign, volume 8, page 392:",
"text": "Leaves very densely crowded, […] upper extended into a subula, toothed at apex, wings recurved in upper part.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fine sharp point."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) A fine sharp point."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "subula"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "sulã"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan (Algherese)",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "sula"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "subela"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "chisel",
"word": "subbia"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "sovela"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "sulă"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "subilla"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "sùbia"
},
{
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"f"
],
"roman": "soúvla",
"sense": "spit",
"word": "σούβλα"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*syewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*syuh₁-dʰleh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *syuh₁-dʰleh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suo",
"3": "bula",
"alt1": "suō",
"gloss1": "to sew"
},
"expansion": "suō (“to sew”) + -bula",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*šidlo",
"3": "",
"4": "awl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *šidlo (“awl”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "шило"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian шило (šilo)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "šídlo"
},
"expansion": "Czech šídlo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ши́ло"
},
"expansion": "Russian ши́ло (šílo)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ῥαφίς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ῥαφίς (rhaphís)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *syuh₁-dʰleh₂, which consists of the root *syewh₁- (“sew”) and the suffix *-dʰlom (“tool suffix”). This becomes the Latin derivation suō (“to sew”) + -bula.\nCognate with Proto-Slavic *šidlo (“awl”) (whence Bulgarian шило (šilo), Czech šídlo, Russian ши́ло (šílo) and others), and with Proto-Germanic *siwjaną (“to sew”).\nCompare typologically Ancient Greek ῥαφίς (rhaphís) < ῥάπτω (rháptō).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sūbula",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sūbulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sūbula<1>"
},
"expansion": "sūbula f (genitive sūbulae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sūbula<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "insūbulum"
},
{
"word": "sūbulātus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin links with redundant target parameters",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *syewh₁-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms suffixed with -bula",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Tools"
],
"glosses": [
"shoemaker's awl"
],
"links": [
[
"awl",
"awl"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"word": "subula"
}
Download raw JSONL data for subula meaning in All languages combined (5.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-20 using wiktextract (cdfa371 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.